Analisis Spasial Kasus Pneumonia Dengan Kepadatan Penduduk dan Potensi Banjir Di RSI Malahayati Medan Tahun 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57218/jkj.Vol4.Iss4.2040Kata Kunci:
Banjir, Kepadatan penduduk, Pneumonia, SpasialAbstrak
Pneumonia tetap menjadi salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di seluruh dunia, baik pada anak-anak maupun orang dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan spasial antara kasus pneumonia dengan kepadatan penduduk dan potensi bahaya banjir di Kota Medan. Desain penelitian menggunakan studi cross-sectional dengan pendekatan ekologi berbasis analisis spasial, memanfaatkan data rekam medis RSI Malahayati Medan dan data BPS tahun 2023. Hasil menunjukkan autokorelasi spasial signifikan antara kasus pneumonia dengan kepadatan penduduk (Moran’s I = 0,285; p = 0,003) serta potensi bahaya banjir (Moran’s I = 0,215; p = 0,015), keduanya berpola mengelompok. Wilayah dengan kepadatan tinggi dan risiko banjir lebih besar memiliki kemungkinan lebih tinggi mengalami kejadian pneumonia. Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya intervensi kesehatan masyarakat yang difokuskan pada wilayah padat penduduk dan rawan banjir.
Referensi
Ariani, & Arminsih, R. (2024). Correlation Study of Climate Variability, Population Density, Altitude, and Low Birth-Weight Rates on the Incidence of Children Pneumonia in Bogor Regency. BKM Public Health and Community Medicine, e12337. https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v40i03.12337
Arnilia Okma, Aidi Muhammad Nur, Indahwati, & Ernawati Fitrah. (2023). Prediction of Pneumonia Patient Proportions Using Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighted Methods. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 391–399. https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRSET2310257
Benincà, E., van Boven, M., Hagenaars, T., & van der Hoek, W. (2017). Space-Time Analysis of Pneumonia Hospitalisations in the Netherlands. PLOS ONE, 12(7), e0180797. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180797
Budihardjo, S. N., & Suryawan, I. W. B. (2020). Faktor-Faktor Resiko Kejadian Pneumonia Pada Pasien Pneumonia Usia 12-59 bulan di RSUD Wangaya. Intisari Sains Medis, 11(1), 398–404. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v11i1.645
Cilloniz, C., Dela Cruz, C., Curioso, W. H., & Vidal, C. H. (2023). World Pneumonia Day 2023: The Rising Global Threat of Pneumonia and What We Must Do About It. European Respiratory Journal, 62(5), 2301672. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01672-2023
Gao, L., Liu, X., & Liu, H. (2025). Spatiotemporal Differentiation Characteristics of Flood Risk Based on Spatial Statistical Analysis: A Study of Jing–Jin–Ji region in China. Natural Hazards, 121(2), 1711–1736. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11069-024-06876-8/TABLES/12
Habsy, M. Y. Al, Husein, F. K. Al, Yahya, M. H., & Rachmawati, R. N. (2024). Bayesian spatial data analysis: Application of pneumonia spread in west java. Desimal: Jurnal Matematika, 7(1), 155. https://doi.org/10.24042/djm.v7i1.23154
Kartasasmita, C. B., Rezeki Hadinegoro, S., Kurniati, N., Triasih, R., Halim, C., & Gamil, A. (2020). Epidemiology, Nasopharyngeal Carriage, Serotype Prevalence, and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Indonesia. Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 9(4), 723–736. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-020-00330-5
Kisiju, T., Song, H., Lee, S., Jang, J., & Chun, B. C. (2023). 1781. Spatial Epidemiology of Pneumonia Mortality in Korea: Regional Clustering and Bayesian Spatial Regression Analysis for its Determinants. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 10(Supplement_2). https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad500.1610
Lim, W. S. (2022). Pneumonia—Overview. In Encyclopedia of Respiratory Medicine (pp. 185–197). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-801238-3.11636-8
Mitsui, M., Ito, A., Ishida, T., Tachibana, H., Nakanishi, Y., Yamazaki, A., & Washio, Y. (2020). Increased Risk of Legionella Pneumonia as Community-acquired Pneumonia after Heavy Rainfall in 2018 in West Japan. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-102964/v1
Nurhayati, N., Oktavianis, O., Bestrina, F., & Sari, M. (2021). Penyebab Pneumonia pada Balita di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Sosiologi Andalas, 7(2), 142–152. https://doi.org/10.25077/jsa.7.2.142-152.2021
Parker, A. M., Jackson, N., Awasthi, S., Kim, H., Alwan, T., Wyllie, A. L., Kogut, K., Holland, N., Mora, A. M., Eskenazi, B., Riley, L. W., & Lewnard, J. A. (2024). Upper Respiratory Streptococcus Pneumoniae Colonization Among Working-Age Adults With Prevalent Exposure To Overcrowding. Microbiology Spectrum, 12(8). https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00879-24
Phung, D. T., Warren, J. L., Chu, C. M.-Y., & Dubrow, R. (2021). Relationship Between Flood Severity and Risk of Hospitalisation in the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 78(9), 676–678. https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2021-107768
Pina, J. C., Alves, L. S., Furtado, M. C. de C., Arcêncio, R. A., Gondim, E. C., & de Mello, D. F. (2020). Mapping and Territorial Risk Analysis of Hospital Admissions due to Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children (Brazil). https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-28321/v1
Sabbagh, W. A., Karrar, H. R., Nouh, M. I., Alkhaifi, N. M., Badayyan, S. Y., Shaikh, L. K., Ghamdi, N. A. Al, & Abdullah, F. F. (2024). Perspective of Pneumonia in the Health-Care Setting. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 36(7), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2024/v36i77538
Saputri, E., Endarti, D., & Andayani, T. M. (2020). Tingkat Pengetahuan Orang Tua terhadap Penyakit Pneumonia dan Imunisasi Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) di Indonesia. JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice), 10(2), 156. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmpf.54423
Sari, A. K., Aini, D. N., Karinda, S. S. Y., Ginting, S. E., Saragi, B. J. R., Irsyad, A., & Widagdo, P. P. (2025). Penerapan Sistem Informasi Geografis Menggunakan QGIS dalam Menganalisis Sebaran Pemukiman di Samarinda Tahun 2024. Kreatif Teknologi Dan Sistem Informasi (KRETISI), 3(1), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.30872/kretisi.v3i1.2123
Seid, A. M., Tadesse, W., Menza, M., Abdo, R. A., & Mussema, A. (2024). Bacterial Etiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Among Adult Patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon, 10(6), e28008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28008
Sulistyawati, S., Sofiana, L., Khairul Amala, S., Rokhmayanti, R., Dwi Astut, F., & Nurfita, D. (2020). Pneumonia A Neglected Disease: A Mixed-Method Study on the Case-Finding Program in Indonesia. AIMS Public Health, 7(1), 81–91. https://doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2020008
Xiong, Y., Wang, Y., Chen, F., & Zhu, M. (2020). Spatial Statistics and Influencing Factors of the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia 2019 Epidemic in Hubei Province, China. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-16858/v2
Z. Monoarfa, M. Z., Maria, I. L., Ansariadi, A., Arsin, A. A., & Amqam, H. (2025). Spatial Analysis Risk Factors of Pneumonia Incidence in Toddlers Gowa Regency. International Journal of Statistics in Medical Research, 14, 210–222. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-6029.2025.14.21.
