Implementasi Arduino Uno Untuk Kontrol Pengisian Baterai Pada Sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57218/juster.v4i3.2154Keywords:
Arduino uno, Baterai, Energi surya, Kontrol pengisian, PLTSAbstract
Peningkatan kebutuhan energi listrik yang berkelanjutan mendorong pemanfaatan energi terbarukan, salah satunya adalah energi surya. Pada sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS), pengisian baterai merupakan aspek krusial karena menentukan efisiensi penyimpanan energi dan keawetan baterai. Penelitian ini membahas implementasi Arduino Uno sebagai pengendali proses pengisian baterai pada sistem PLTS dengan memanfaatkan sensor tegangan dan arus untuk memantau kondisi baterai secara real-time. Arduino Uno diprogram untuk mengatur proses pengisian sesuai dengan batasan tegangan float charging dan cut-off charging. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu menjaga tegangan pengisian dalam rentang aman 12.0–14.4 V, serta mencegah overcharging yang berpotensi merusak baterai. Implementasi ini dinilai efektif, sederhana, dan ekonomis untuk skala rumah tangga atau aplikasi pendidikan. Selain itu, sistem kontrol berbasis mikrokontroler ini memberikan fleksibilitas tinggi karena program dapat dimodifikasi sesuai kapasitas baterai maupun kebutuhan pengguna. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa integrasi Arduino Uno dengan sensor sederhana dapat menjadi alternatif solusi pengembangan charge controller lokal yang lebih murah dibandingkan produk komersial. Dengan demikian, hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi pada upaya peningkatan pemanfaatan energi surya di masyarakat sekaligus mendukung pengembangan teknologi energi terbarukan yang berkelanjutan.
References
Akarne, Y., Essadki, A., Nasser, T., Annoukoubi, M., & Charadi, S. (2025). Optimized control of grid-connected photovoltaic systems: Robust PI controller based on sparrow search algorithm for smart microgrid application. Global Energy Interconnection, 8(4), 523–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloei.2025.05.004
Dai, X., Wang, H., Wu, H., Pan, Y., Luo, D., Ahmed, A., & Zhang, Z. (2022). A hybrid energy harvesting system for self-powered applications in shared bicycles. In Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments (Vol. 51). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101891
Ghorashi Khalil Abadi, S. A., & Bidram, A. (2021). A distributed rule-based power management strategy in a photovoltaic/hybrid energy storage based on an active compensation filtering technique. In IET Renewable Power Generation (Vol. 15, Issue 15, pp. 3688–3703). John Wiley and Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.12263
Hraich, A., & Haddi, A. (2025). Energy optimization and digitization of the PV energy balance between production and consumption. E-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy, 11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prime.2024.100883
Khan, M. S., Haque, A., & Bharath, K. V. S. (2019). Real-Time Solar inverter Parameter Monitoring for Photovoltaic Systems. Int. Conf. Power Electron., Control Autom., ICPECA - Proc., 2019-November. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPECA47973.2019.8975519
Krismadinata, Anggraini, S., Asnil, Mulya, R., Syafii, & Fahmi. (2025). Design and Implementation of Photovoltaic Emulator for Testing of Photovoltaic Energy Conversion System. SSRG International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 12(4), 191–200. https://doi.org/10.14445/23488379/IJEEE-V12I4P113
Lestari, D., Handayani, A. N., & Dwijayanti, N. M. (2022). Buck Converter Output Voltage Control System Using Proportional Integral Differential Method on Solar Cell Battery Charging. Frontier Energy System and Power Engineering, 4(2), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.17977/um049v4i2p35-41
Mishra, S., Saini, G., Saha, S., Chauhan, A., Kumar, A., & Maity, S. (2022). A survey on multi-criterion decision parameters, integration layout, storage technologies, sizing methodologies and control strategies for integrated renewable energy system. In Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments (Vol. 52). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2022.102246
Nikrad, S., Salpe, V., Anantwar, H., Taklikar, B., & Chavan, A. (2023). Implementation of a Battery Charging System with Overcharging Protection using Arduino. 2023 IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing, VLSI, Electrical Circuits and Robotics (DISCOVER), 141–144. https://doi.org/10.1109/DISCOVER58830.2023.10316707
Novac, C.-M., Codrean, M., Codrean, M., Novac, O. C., Gordan, C. E., & Sebesan, R. (2025). Development of an Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Arduino-Based Photovoltaic Tracking System for Optimized Energy Efficiency. Proc. Int. Conf. Electron., Comput. Artif. Intell., ECAI. Proceedings of the 2025 17th International Conference on Electronics, Computers and Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECAI65401.2025.11095470
Parthasarathy, K., & Vijayaraj, S. (2020). An overview of battery charging methods, charge controllers, and design of MPPT controller based on adruino nano for solar renewable storage energy system. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 9.
Prinada, Y. (2022, Oktober). Cara Kerja Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya dan Komponen PLTS. tirto.id. https://tirto.id/cara-kerja-pembangkit-listrik-tenaga-surya-dan-komponen-plts-gxHg
Rismansyah, M., & Nazir, R. (2016). Pengaturan Keseimbangan Pengisian dan Pengosongan Baterai Asam Timbal. Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro, 5(2), 192–197. https://doi.org/10.25077/jnte.v5n2.265.2016
Romero-Cadaval, E., Spagnuolo, G., Franquelo, L. G., Ramos-Paja, C. A., Suntio, T., & Xiao, W. M. (2013). Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Generation Plants: Components and Operation. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, 7(3), 6–20. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIE.2013.2264540
Suresh, E., Kumarraja, A., Bhanu Chander, Y., Srinivas, V., Kusuma, G., & Syamnaresh, G. (2025). Optimizing Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: A Smart Battery Management System with IoT Monitoring. Smart Innov. Syst. Technol., 114 SIST, 355–366. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-4718-7_31.
