Pencegahan Shivering Pada Pasien Dengan Anestesi Spinal Di Instalasi Bedah Sentral: Sequential Explanatory Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57218/jkj.Vol4.Iss1.1386Kata Kunci:
Anestesi spinal, Pencegahan shiveringAbstrak
Shivering atau Post Anesthetic Shivering (PAS) merupakan salah satu efek samping yang sering terjadi akibat anestesi spinal. Pencegahan Shivering dilakukan untuk menghindari komplikasi yang menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan pasien, peningkatan nyeri luka, memperlambat penyembuhan luka, meningkatkan konsumsi oksigen, produksi karbon dioksida, serta meningkatkan laju metabolisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi intervensi pencegahan Shivering, baik farmakologi maupun nonfarmakologi. Penelitian ini adalah studi mixed method dengan model sequential explanatory, dilakukan di Instalasi Bedah Sentral RSUD Pandan Arang Boyolali selama satu bulan. Sejumlah 30 pasien sebagai responden studi observasional dan 9 praktisi anestesi terlibat dalam wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pencegahan shivering dilakukan melalui metode farmakologi yaitu pemberian Pethidine (76,7%), Tramadol, Dexamethasone, Ketamine, dan Fentanyl, serta metode nonfarmakologi mencakup pengaturan suhu ruangan (93,3%) dan pemberian warmer blanket (93,3%). Studi kualitatif menunjukkan Pethidine merupakan pilihan utama, sementara strategi nonfarmakologi seperti penggunaan infus hangat, oksigenasi, lapisan tambahan di meja operasi, head cap, penutupan bagian tubuh yang tidak dioperasi, radiasi lampu operasi, serta teknik relaksasi dan napas dalam juga berperan mengurangi shivering. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan panduan penatalaksanaan pencegahan shivering secara umum di IBS. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan dengan menggunakan desain studi yang lebih besar dengan kontrol yang lebih ketat terhadap faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi shivering serta membandingkan efektivitas berbagai intervensi farmakologi dan nonfarmakologi secara lebih mendalam.
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