Legal Authority and Protection for Anesthesia Practitioners Working Without Direct Anesthesiologist Supervision in Indonesian Hospitals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57218/jkj.Vol4.Iss4.2187Kata Kunci:
Anesthesia practitioners, Health law, Legal authority, Legal protectionAbstrak
Anesthesia services are a critical component of hospital care and require clear legal authority and adequate legal protection to ensure patient safety and professional accountability. In Indonesia, the unequal distribution of anesthesiologists has resulted in anesthesia practitioners (penata anestesi) frequently providing services without direct specialist supervision, creating inconsistencies between legal norms and clinical practice. This study aims to analyze the legal authority and legal protection of anesthesia practitioners working without direct supervision from anesthesiologists within the Indonesian health law framework. This research employs a normative juridical method using statute and conceptual approaches by examining Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health, Minister of Health Regulation No. 18 of 2016, and relevant legal literature. Data were analyzed through qualitative normative legal analysis. The findings indicate that Permenkes No. 18 of 2016 imposes restrictive delegation of authority, particularly in private hospitals and emergency situations, which does not adequately reflect workforce shortages and exposes anesthesia practitioners to criminal, civil, and administrative legal risks. In conclusion, inconsistencies between legal regulations and healthcare realities weaken legal certainty and legal protection for anesthesia practitioners, highlighting the need for regulatory harmonization that balances professional competence, patient safety, and legal certainty.
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